Zoonocide offers broad spectrum protection.

Zoonocide has been tested by organizations including Dow Corning USA, Arizona State University, US Environmental Protection Agency, US, Australian and NZ Food Safety Authorities and the registered laboratories of the Australian Therapeutic Goods Agency.

Please visit the Downloads page for a comprensive listing of Zoono information.

Zoonocide has been proven effective against a wide range of micro-organisms including the microbes:

Bacteria
Staphylococcus aureus
Salmonella cholera suis
Escherichia coli
Clostridium Difficile
Candida albicans
Chlorella vulgaris

Protozoa
Cryptosporidium parvum

Virus
Influenza A2 (Aichi)
Herpes Simplex Type 1
Norovirus

Pathogens inactivated by Zoonocide
Gram Positive Bacteria Reference
Bacillus sp. (vegetative cell) 5, 6, 11
Clostridium difficule 25
Corynebacterium diptheriae 1, 13
Listeria monocytogenes 24, 25
Micrococcus lutea 5, 6, 11
Micrococcus sp. 2, 5, 15
Mycobacterium tuberculosis 14
Mycobacterium smegmatis 14
Propionibacterium acnes 5
Staphylococcus aureus 2, 3, 5, 6, 10, 11, 13, 24, 15, 21
Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) 25
Staphylococcus epidermidis 2, 5, 6, 7, 11, 13, 14, 15
Streptococcus faecalis 2, 5, 6, 7, 11, 13, 14
Streptococcus mutans 5, 6, 7, 11
Streptococcus pneumonia 1
Streptococcus pyogenes 5, 6, 7, 11
Gram Negative Bacteria
Acinetobacter calcoaceticus 2, 5, 6, 11, 14, 15
Aeromonas hydrophilia 5, 6, 11
Citrobacter deversus 5, 6, 11
Citrobacter freundi 5, 6, 11
Enterobacter aerogenes 5, 6, 7, 11
Enterobacter aglomerans 2, 5, 14, 15
Enterobacter cloacae 5, 6, 7, 11
Enterococcus 10
Escherichia coli 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 10, 11, 13, 14
Klebsiella oxytoca 5, 6, 11, 14
Klebsiella pneumoniae 3, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14
Klebsiella terriena 19
Legionella pneumophila 1
Morganella morganii 5, 6, 7, 11
Proteus mirabilis 5, 6, 7, 11
Proteus vulgaris 5, 6, 7, 11
Pseudomonas aeruginosa 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 11, 13, 14
Pseudomonas fluorscens 5, 6, 7, 10, 11
Salmonella cholera suis 5, 6, 7, 11, 14
Salmonella typhi 5, 6, 7, 11, 14
Salmonella typhimunium 1, 5, 6, 7, 11
Serratia liquifaciens 5, 6, 7, 11
Serratia marcescens 5, 6, 7, 11
Xanthomonas campestris 5, 6, 7, 11

Viruses
Adenovirus Type II & IV 17, 18, 21
Bovine Adenovirus Type I & IV 17, 18, 21
Feline pneumonitis 21
Herpes Simplex Type I 16, 17, 18
Herpes Simplex Type II 21
HIV-1 (AIDS) 21
Influenza A2 (Aichi) 17, 18, 21
Influenza A2 (Asian) 17, 18
Influenza B 17, 18
Mumps 17, 18
Parinfluenza (Sendai) 21
Rous Sarcoma 17, 18
Reovirus Type I 17, 18
Simian Virus 40 17, 18
Vaccinia 17, 18
MS2 19
PRD1 19

Fungi, Algae, Mold, Yeast, Spores
Alterania alternate 8,12
Aphanizomenon sp. 22
Aspergillus flavus 2, 5, 6, 7, 11, 14
Aspergillus niger 2, 5, 6, 7, 8, 11, 12, 13, 14
Aspergillus sydowi 5, 6, 7, 11
Aspergillus terreus 5, 6, 7, 11, 14
Aspergillus versicolor 2, 5, 6, 7, 11
Aspergillus verrucaria 14
Aureobasidium pullans 5, 6, 7, 8, 11, 12
Candida albicans 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 14
Candida pseudotropocalis 5, 6, 7, 11
Chaetomium globsum 1
Cladosporium cladosporioides 8, 12
Chlorella vulgaris 19
Dreschslera australiensis 8,12
Epidermophyton sp. 9
Gliomastix cerealis 8, 12
Gloeophyllum trabeum 5, 6, 7, 11
Microsporum sp. 9
Microsporum audouinii 21
Monilia grisea 8, 12
Oscillatoria 20
Penicillium chrysogenum 5, 6, 7, 11
Pencillium commune 8, 12
Penicillium funiculosum 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 11, 14
Penicillium pinophilium 5, 6, 7, 11
Penicillium variable 5, 6, 7, 11, 14
Phoma fimeti 8, 12
Pithomyces chartarum 8, 12
Poria placenta 5, 6, 7, 11
Scenedesmus 20
Saccharonyces cerevisiae 5, 6, 7, 11, 13, 14
Scolecobasidium humicola 8, 12
Selenastrum sp. 22
Trichoderma viride 5, 6, 7, 11
Trichophyton interdigitale 2, 14
Trichophyton maidson 14
Trichophyton mentogrophytes 5, 6, 7, 9, 11
Trichophyton sp. 9
Protozoa Parasites
Cryptosporidium parvum (oocysts) 19
 
REFERENCES
1. Y. Hsiao, Chinese Pat. Appl., PCT/CN98/00207 (1998)
2. James Malek, John Speir, "Method of Reducing the Number of Microorganisms in a Method of Preservation"; U.S. Pat. 4,259,103 (1981)
3. Stewart Klein, "3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyldidecylmethyl Ammonium Salts and Method of Inhibiting growth of Microorganisms Therewith"; U.S. Pat. 4,394,378 (1983).
4. William Eudy, "Organosilicon Quaternary Ammonium Antimicrobial Compounds"; U.S. Pat. 4,406892 (1983).
5. Richard Gettings, William White, "Skin Treatment Method"; U.S. Pat. 4,908,355.(1990)
6. Lynne Blank, William White, "Antimicrobial Rinse Cycle Additive"; U.S. Pat. 5,145,596 (1992)
7. Richard Gettings, William White, "Opthalmic fluid Dispensing Method"; U.S. Pat. 5,013,459 (1991).
8. Richard Avery, Frederick Martin, Sean Dwyer, "Production of Stable Hydrolyzable Organosilane Solutions"; U.S. Pat. 5,411,585 (1995).
9. Lynne Blank, Richard Gettings, William White, "Method of Treating Tinea Pedis and Related Dermatophytic Infections"; U.S. Pat. 4,865,844 (1989).
10. David Battice, Michael Hale, "Antimicrobially Effective Organic Foams and Methods for their Preparation"; U.S. Pat. 4,631,297 (1986).
11. Bruce Higgs, William White, "Solid Antimicrobial"; U.S. Pat. 5,359,104 (1994). This patent also describes the method of antimicrobial activity.
12. Richard Avery, Frederick Martin, Sean Dwyer, Colin Brown, "Production of Stable Hydrolyzable Organosilane Solutions"; U.S. Pat. 5,411,585 (1995).
13. William White, Jerry Olderman, "Anitimicrobial Techniques for Medical Nonwovens: A Case Study"; Book of Papers, 1984, 12th Annual Nonwovens Tech. Symposium, pp. 13-46. No bacterial adaption (no increased bacterial resistance to Zoonocide) reported.
14. J. McGee, J. Malek, W. White, "New Antimicrobial Treatment for Carpet Applications", Am. Dyestuff Rep., 1983, (6), pp.56-59. Dow corning Technical Brochure; 22-994-83 (1983).
15. Richard Gettings, Benny Triplett, "A New Durable Antimicrobial Finish for Textiles"; Book of Papers, 1978, American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists National Technical Conference, pp. 259-261. Dow Corning Technical Brochure; 24-095-85 (1985).
16. I-Fu Tsao, Henry Wang, Charles Shipman, "Interaction of Infectious Viral Particles with a Quaternary Ammonium Chloride Surface"; Biotechnol. Bioeng., 34, (5), pp. 639-46 (1989).
17. I-Fu Tsao, Henry Wang, "Removal and Inactivation of Viruses by a Surface Bonded Quaternary Ammonium Chloride", ACS Synp.Ser. (1990), Volume Date 1988, 419, pp. 250-67. Reaction with Lipidophilic Viruses.
18. M. Klein, A. DeForest, "Principles of Viral Inactivation", Disinfection, Sterilization and Preservation. 3rd Ed., S. Block, Ed., (Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia, PA) 1983, pp.422-434.
19. M. Abbaszadegan, et.al., "Evaluation of Proprietary Treated Zeolite in Point of Use Devices for Removalof Microorganisims", NSF Water Quality Center, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85257; 12/03. W. Peterson & R. Berman, U.S. Pat.Pending, 60/472,429 (7/03).
20. P. Westerhoff, D. Bruce, "Biocide Coating Experiment", Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85257; 8/00.
21. W. Peterson, D. Giaccio, R. Berman, "Antimicrobial Skin Preparations Containing Organosilane Quaternaries", U. S. Patent 6,613,755 (9/2/03).
22. Third Party Testing; Univ. Iowa, Hygienic Laboratory, (No.27, AIHA,NELAD, USEPA, NVLAP), Iowa City, IA, 10/05
23. M. Abbaszadegan, et.al., J. Envir. Science & Health, Part A, 41:1201-1210, 2006.
24. T. Pometto, et.al., Iowa State University, Private Study, 12/7/07.
25. Independent Testing.

Zoonocide kill rates